Risks And Risks Of Risk Management - 899 Words

Risk management can be defined as a process that should seek toeliminate, reduce and control risks, enhance benefits, and avoid detriments from speculativeexposures. The objective of risk management is to capitalize on the potential of achievement andminimize the possibility of future losses. Risk that becomes challenging can negatively impactcost, time, quality and system performance. †Risk management involves identifying, measuring, monitoring and controlling risks†. Scope of risk Price Beat, a chain of discounted departmental stores across Australia is facing huge competition with different target segments. They lack in terms of information technology and other advantages. They have the scope to expand and increase the opportunities and it will bring about the increase in number of consumer markets. Thus, there are threats associated with the competition and the target market. The current arrangements are not adequate because the company should focus on expanding its markets and increasing its competitive edge. Critical Success factors Price Beat claim to have set up an advanced ERM structure that they actively utilize to increase stakeholder value. ERM adds not only to optimization of total risk overheads. The usage of risk information in strategic decision-making also contributes in lower losses, lower costs and more successful investment projects. As the company’s boards and managers would comprehend the key risks and opportunities, and their impact on the success ofShow MoreRelatedRisks And Risks Of Risk Management1150 Words   |  5 Pagestalking about Risk Management. What is Risk Management? Risk Management is identifying potential risks that could arise whilst developing a software product and taking specific measures on how you could prevent these risks from occurring. Risks not only have an impact on software product, but also have an impact on the overall project and the business organization, therefore it is important to know what a risk is and how to minimize it. (Sommerville, 2010) What is a risk? A risk is â€Å"uncertainRead MoreRisks And Risks Of Risk Management3542 Words   |  15 Pagesvalue of risk management in healthcare industries today. Not only is it difficult to quantify how risk is prevented because it didn’t happen; challenging measures need to be taken to assess risk managements effectiveness and efficiency. Risk management reduces the likelihood of specific losses by formulating tactical strategies and gathering data on potential threats in the workplace. Risk is inevitable, whether it be patient safety risks, fraudulent claim risks, or documentation risks, problemsRead MoreRisks Management : Risk Management1658 Words   |  7 Pagesyour association to close.[1] Risk Management:Risk management is the procedure of distinguishing risk, surveying risk, and making moves to diminish risk to a worthy level. The risk management methodology decides the procedures, strategies, instruments, and group parts and obligations regarding a particular task. The risk management plan portrays how chance administration will be organized and performed on the venture. As an administration procedure, risk management is utilized to recognize and maintainRead MoreThe Risks Of Risk Management1632 Words   |  7 PagesThe ability to understand and quantify risk, is of the utmost importance. This is something that can be used to define the precise ways that risk should have the ability to be managed, and the precise way that risk should be dealt with on a macro level. It is important to understand that risk management is an excellent medium in which risk could be mitigated. This is an important variable that must be understood in this case, as there are many potential risk areas that the firm must deal with. ByRead MoreRisks Management : Risk Management1144 Words   |  5 PagesRisk Management All projects are subject to the effects of uncertainty. The uncertainty creates the need for organizations to be aware of the many different types of risk they will be challenged with for the duration of the project. To understand the level of risk the organization must have a defined process for project risk management to include their risk appetite, risk tolerance and risk thresholds. Project Risk Management is the processes of conducting risk management planning, identificationRead MoreRisks And Risks Of Risk Management Practices1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe aim of risk documentation is to provide security and information to users, such as management, so that they can make effective decisions (HB 436:2013, pp. 88). AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 is the standard for risk management principles and guidelines in Australia (HB 436:2013, pp. 2). HB436:2013 provides guidance to the application of AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 (HB 436: 2013, pp.2). In 2013 HB436:2004 was updated, one of the new change s states that risk management practices should be able to traceable, howeverRead MoreProject Risk And Risk Management1412 Words   |  6 Pages1- Abstract: Project Risk is an undefined event that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative impact in the project’s results. There are two types of risks can affect the project, they are threats and opportunities. The first affects negatively and the second affects positively. These risks can be individual risks or overall project risk. The project risk management includes six process: 1- Risk Management Planning: Deciding how to plan and execute the activities. 2- Risk Identification: DeterminingRead MoreRisks Associated With Risk Management1098 Words   |  5 Pagestolerance for financial risks than operating risks. Financial risks include risks associated with foreign exchange rates, liquidity, credit decisions and the operating risks include risks associated with supply chain, information technology. Financial risks are generally easier to quantify and control as compared to operating risks, many of which are due to being influenced by external factors out of a company’s control. (Compliance week, 2008) The process of risk management has been greatly influencedRead MoreRisks And Risk Management Plan1240 Words   |  5 PagesRisk Management Plan Introduction An important part any project is to identify risks and to determine how to address said risks. In this paper, I will identify 10 risks that could occur during the making of Coleman Covenant Studios. I will also assess and address each risk in detail. Although I am hopeful the completion of this project will happen with minimal negative risks, I do realize hope is not a plan. For this reason, this risk management plan is in place to acknowledge and prepare forRead MoreRisk Management And Risk Mitigation849 Words   |  4 PagesRisk management consorts with the assessment, detection and avoidance methods in order to minimize the adverse effects of risk on organizations. Risk management techniques compose of loss control, risk retention, risk avoidance and risk transfer. One project could potentially have numerous different risk management models throughout its lifecycle. If a senior artist retires before the movie is complete, the production of art renderings will be delayed and will result in slipping the project schedule

Athens vs. Sparta Free Essays

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live in one of the two strongest empires 2,500 years ago? Athens and Sparta were the most powerful empire and city- states in Greece 2,500 years ago. They both shared many of their beliefs and heroes, but they were very different when it came to their government. Athens had a democracy and trade while Sparta was a military state and its focus was training the people for war. We will write a custom essay sample on Athens vs. Sparta or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sparta was a better place because the women had more freedom, they were prized for reproduction, and they did not have to worry about raising their hildren after age eight because they had to go off to the military. I would rather live in Sparta because women had more freedom and independence, there was a strong sense of security and theyre government was very well protected, and women were prized and their women’s fitness was priority. In Sparta, the women had so much more freedom than the women in Athens. The Athenian women had to stay home and do what the man said and do all the work around the house (F). Their women were treated like children and many times the women were expected to be timid and earful (E). On the other hand, in Sparta, the women could take legal action under the supervision of a male guardian. They were prized for reproduction, women owned two-fifths of the land and they did not have to take care of their babies for long. The women only had to take care of healthy children for about 7 years then they would get taken away to the military (B). Also, they could own land and hire people to work for them. I like this way of living better than Athens because l, personally, like being ndependent and knowing that I can do things on my own. Second, Sparta was a better place to live because they had a very strong government and sense of security. The military in Sparta was very strong and they won many of their battles. Spartan women when handing their son or husband a shield would say â€Å"Come back with your shield, or on it. † Since the men had been trained they knew how to fight and they knew good strategies to help them fight. The two kings of Sparta led the military into battle when it was time. I would like to live ere because I know that if the city-state were attacked, the military would know how to defend the city and keep us safe. Next, Sparta was a better place to live because the women were somewhat important in society. In Sparta, the women were prized for their reproduction (B). If the women did not reproduce, they would not have any new people to go into the military. After seven years a woman would give her child to men who trained him for the military so he could grow up and serve for them (B). When the child became even or eight years they no longer had to worry about child care or the usual eighteen plus years of care that usually happens today. In addition, since women could do as much as the men, they spent time exercising and training for battle even though they could never fght. They would learn battle strategies Just like the men in Sparta and they would stay fit in the process. The women also believed in staying fit because if they were fit then the chance of them having a healthy child was increased. I believe this was important because for me, I like being athletic. I don’t think I could sit around and care for a child for many years and Just clean around the In conclusion, I think Athens could have been an okay place to live, but I think the women Just were not treated fairly. I would rather live in Sparta because the women were prized for their reproduction, they stayed fit, they were given more freedom, they were independent, and there was a strong sense of security and a strong and powerful government. I picked Sparta because it fits me best because I am athletic, independent, and I don’t like to be treated like dirt. How to cite Athens vs. Sparta, Papers

The Standardization vs. Adaptation Debate

Introduction A number of well-built companies around the world tend to appreciate the fact that people have different needs for the products and services. For instance, such companies as Gillette, Coca-Cola, and Cadbury Schweppes have standard brands with authorization from the certified bodies around the world.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Standardization vs. Adaptation Debate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such companies should not only apply the concept of a consistent marketing mix as they sell their products to the target consumers, but they should also ensure that they understand the regional interest of every consumer (Junior, Griffith White 2003.). For that reason, they should understand the differences in values, customs, languages, and currencies because certain products may only suit certain regions. In some instances, it is extremely hard for the organization to discover appropriate ways for marketing their products due to these differences in various regions. In order to get out of this situation, they should check on the possible solutions by scrutinizing certain issues such as the cost-effectiveness of the input (Ajami 2006). The organization then has to employ the approaches of standardization and adaptation to help improve their marketing strategy with the aim of maximizing the profit. Even though the fundamental interest of most of these multinational companies is to maximize profit, they may face certain predicament concerning the decision they need to make about the most appropriate approach to settle for between standardization and adaptation (Levitt 1983). Subsequently, a firm may occasionally decide to take the standardization approach where marketing practices are almost similar, hence ignoring the circumstances, in which there is customization of messages for different markets. Messages simply refer to the approach that the customers take on the companyâ⠂¬â„¢s products. This approach may comprise of the purposes the product may have in the market. Consequently, it is wise for the company to consider cultural setting of the target customers when marketing any product (Grant, Golawala, McKechnie 2007). In fact, in some particular cultures people may consider the brand as either extremely expensive or complex; however, some may perceive it as a valuable solution to their problems. Furthermore, marketing the company’s brand using substantial messages may work appropriately in some cultures. However, in other cultures, societal levels of acceptance may require either incredibly conservative or humble approach. Anyway, a company may decide to catch the attention of the customers in other countries, it would be proper for it to use the strategies that would be effective overseas, since the local strategies may be not appealing to most targeted customers.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For this reason, when a company tends to keep either specific or every single process, it requires to verify the level of standardization the company assumes (Vrontis, Thrassou Vignali 2006). On the other hand, the company management may decide to bring a number of changes to its product or the avenues it uses in promoting those products; this methodology is referred to as the adaptation approach where the company modifying the marketing accords to be consistent with the new market’s appeals, opportunities as well as the legitimate environment. Moreover, either of the approaches that the company may settle on has both advantages and disadvantages, thus the company should check the most appropriate approach before it can settle on either of them, since both the product and the market place provide the right direction for any business or company as well (Junior, Griffith White 2003). Literature Review As soon as the small businesses decide to take part in the international market, they need to adopt the business functions that would help them to retain their position in that new capacity they have taken (Amanor 1995). According to majority of the researches and elaborations, excellent performance of any business requires either the standardization or the adaptation decisions for the company to be the most successful one in the world (Levitt 1983). Besides, the standardization approach involves the application of a single marketing strategy in both domestic and international markets while the adaptation strategy involves the modification of the companies’ marketing policy with extraordinary characteristics and forms in markets of every country (Madhu 1995). Thus, the most critical decision that any firm should make is how it chooses the approach to take in the competitive marketing world. Obviously, each of the â€Å"5Ps† of marketing known as Product, Price, Promotion, People and Place necessitates examination in order to make the right decision for maximization of the profit. Moreover, other â€Å"2Ps† are included in these strategies, which is determined by some aspects of marketing to ensure positive improvement in the business (Spence, Rutherfoord, Blackburn 1998). Subsequently, this would ensure that some small companies that are interested in joining the global market to save some money on the essential activities such as production, market research, and development of distribution channels and value chain partners. Below is the illustration of the above concept (Lages, Abrantes Lages 2008). Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Standardization vs. Adaptation Debate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Both the approaches have advantages and disadvantages to the firm depending on which method the firm decides to have. Pros and Cons of Standardization To begin with, standard ization has several advantages, which include the following: the uniformity of the product in the globe as well as the cost savings from having identical products. Indeed, it helps in reducing the cost especially when the firm produces the identical products and uses the recognized marketing and distribution systems enabling the company to have the benefits in production and marketing of its products and its performance in the international market (Buzzell 1968). Besides, it leads to advancement in the administration and strategies, hence necessitating less customization; this would facilitate the exchange of mechanisms that would offer practical application of expert understanding and improvement of the performance of the firm. Furthermore, there is strengthening of the image of the product as well as the firm because of the international harmonization, which results from an international involvement by the company. Hence, this attribute is exceptionally more advantageous when laun ching a product in several countries at the same time (Lages, Abrantes Lages 2008). Due to a single coherence in the global image of the standardization approach, the same advertising standpoint in most of the markets would grant the product, the firm and the brand as well to possess a uniform image in the market. Therefore, this would reduce confusions, since the consumer is mobile all over the world and due to various types of the advertising media such as television which consumers watch to know what he or she can access internationally, especially when they watch the foreign television programs (Chang 1995). In addition, any firm that uses the standardization strategy in marketing would not experience any form of resistance from any communication agencies. This would be due to the accountability they have for setting up a single communication campaign. In fact, the creativity of firm determines the type of the communication system it would use for effective performance globally (Paliwoda Ryans 1995). Beyond doubt, the firm also experience economies of scale, which is incredibly fundamental for the success of the firm globally. Therefore, there would be more savings due to the allowance obtainable and due to the big quantity of acquirement and a balanced distribution of resources as well, especially on the diverse markets. Consequently, the firm can cut down while using the universal strategy at the global level or employing unique marketing programs, apparently, due to the above argument, the companies can easily offer better and certain products at lower prices (Buzzell 1968).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, this approach has several disadvantages both to the consumers and to the affected firm. These disadvantages include the loss of uniqueness and the negative flexibility in the execution of the activities in the firm due to standardization (Hildebrandt 1981). For instance, in case a company develops a customer base that can serve a specialized market, therefore, standardizing its methods would mean that it loses some of its previous customers. Besides, there may be the loss of awareness; it may appear when the business spreads out into a new market; the reason may be the cultural diversity that can lead to dissimilar tastes and likings of the market by the consumers. This can result in quite many deficits particularly in crucial shares of the market and damage to the impression of the product in the long term as well. Thus, this can set up undesirable responses on the part of the consumers, as it does not represent their own interest; this may make the firm not to c ompete effectively in the international market (Levitt 1983). Further, there is an inadequate motivation for local bureaus. This is because of inadequate communication between the personnel in the company or the agencies and the consumers. In addition, they may not effectively commit themselves to the production and formation as well. Nonetheless, the standardization approach may be more inadaptable at times specifically when it maintains the local conditions (Papavassiliou Stathakopoulos 1997). Pros and Cons of Adaptation Aside from the standardization method, the firm can decide to use the adaptation method to their products. This marketing strategy has also several advantages and disadvantages to the firm and the market as well. This approach has the advantages discussed below for both the customers and the company globally and locally (Solberg 2000). There is the value for local conditions and opportunities as well. For instance, a company that uses the idea of systematic adapt ation can succeed in the competition since it intensifies its chances of improvement through proper responses to the anticipations of local consumers and legislation. Besides the firm that employs this methodology has an excellent image to the local market. This can be due to the company’s effort to cater for the specific needs of the local market (Roostal 1963). The companies can also become more responsible as they take part in the creation of the healthier communication policy between the company and the locals, hence leading to the motivation of the local agencies. Lastly, there are flexibility and strong reactivity to the actions of local competitors, since the approach tends to understand and appreciate their existence and participation in the market through giving them the fundamental precedence in the market (Vrontis Vignali 1999). In spite of all these advantages, this approach has quite a lot of disadvantages for both the firms and the customers. To begin with, the re are higher costs associated with this methodology. Definitely adapting the policy to every target market does not set aside for cost cutting measures for the firms to make. Furthermore, there is the risk of disparity of the impression of the company particularly in the international market. Subsequently, this may lead to suffering from the global policy of the company (Theodosiou Leonidou 2003). To certain extent, the company may find it difficult while it needs to control its advertising policies and methods as well. Further, there may be no cooperation following the actions between the local and the global markets. Then the alignment of the activities of the company may be challenging due to the differences between communication strategies in the market including those that are also close with each other geographically. Ultimately, there is poor speed of execution of any activity within the market (Vrontis 2003). Discussion Actually, there are two critical strategies that are usually available for the firms when resolving to participate in the international marketing; they include the standardization and adaptation policies. As soon as a firm has decided to join the foreign markets, it would be wise for it to opt for the marketing strategy it would use to operate in the market. For instance, most of the Australian and New Zealand firms operating in the Greater China region employ the adaptation policy in which they are often associated with various factors such as the government regulations, economic development, competitive environment, the immigrants effects between the employee and the employer as well as the product life cycle (Frandsen 1997). Formerly there have been quite a lot of deliberations in different nations around the world on the best strategy that the firms should use. In fact, the most concerned individuals have come up with different opinions based on the facts that several multinational companies use numerous marketing strategies to ma rket their product in the competitive international markets. For that reason, they take into account diverse factors that are associated with either of the approaches. For instance, standardization-marketing strategy occurs when there is global recommendation of common product, price, distribution, as well as its promotion (Fatt 1964). This approach can only work best for the firm under certain conditions, the fundamental factor uses a limited budget. Apparently, a standardized campaign costs less than an adapted one. That is why some SMEs companies in Britain tend to standardize their communication due to the limited budgets they usually have. Moreover, standardization ensures market harmonization and uniformity in the performance. Perhaps the differences in market consumption of some global products may not be effective, since they have similar functions internationally, although in Europe, America and Japan, the segments of the population that consume such products have similar n eeds, sales expectations and purposes. Hence they would want their products to have the same qualities. For example, luxury products, certain clothes, as well as the hotel industry. Therefore, it would be wise for the companies who are interested to operate in these countries to use the standardization policy (Dow 2001). Likewise, the industrial nature of the product is also one of the major factors that a company that is interested in using the standardization approaches for marketing its products should consider. For instance, advertisement will be generally easier to standardize for industrial products than for goods for consumption. In fact, industrial products are almost similar; therefore, the customers buy and use them in the same way in various countries (Elinder 1961). Except for the standardization, there is adaptation approach that the scholars have always deliberated upon that the firms should also consider as the alternative to their marketing strategies. Besides, there are several that a firm should consider. First, the company should check on the socio-cultural differences. This is because people from diverse cultures differentiate themselves by their demands and by their satisfaction too (Vrontis n.d). This is evident in countries in Europe for companies such as Nokia to use this strategy to market their products. Therefore, companies that sell international products to population with a certain life style rather than by ethnicity or nationality such as France, German and American should apply the adaptation method (Buzzell 1968). Figure 2: Affecting factors The figures below show the cultural factors in the international market. Figure 3: Culture’s Elements Figure 4: Cultural Analysis Framework (Gorman, Hanlon, and King 1997) Indeed the aims of both methods are to target the market as illustrated by the figure below. Figure 5: Target Market Strategy Options The Adapt-Stand Model (Hybridization) Following the studies carried out by v arious scholars on these two methodologies, it would be, therefore, appropriate for the firm to settle on either one or both of the strategies while marketing its products (Hawk 2007). Therefore, the above model refers to the resolution to pick either one or both of the approaches. Moreover, studies survey these aspects as they have greater influence on the market. Most companies use these effects in foreign countries (Albaum Tse 2001). Conclusion Concisely, according to the researches that have been carried on the marketing structure, the scholars recommend that the companies should use the standardization methods since it has more advantages than disadvantages as compared to adaptation approach (Vignali Vrontis 1999). List of References Albaum, G., Tse, D. K, 2001, ‘Adaptation of International Marketing Strategy Components, Competitive Advantage, and Firm Performance: A Study Of Hong Kong Exporters’, Journal of International Marketing, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 59-81. Aj ami, R. A 2006, International business theory and practice (2nd ed.), M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, N.Y. Amanor, K. S 1995, ‘Dynamics of Herd Structures and Herding Strategies in West Africa: A Study of Market Integration and Ecological Adaptation’, Journal of the International African Institute, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 351. Buzzell, R.D, 1968, ‘Can you standardize multinational marketing?’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 89-110. Chang, T 1995, ‘Formulating Adaptive Marketing Strategies In A Global Industry’, International Marketing Review, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 5-18. Elinder, E 1961, ‘How international can advertising be?’, International Advertiser, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 12-16. Dow, D, 2001. ‘The Adaptation of Host Market Positioning Strategies: Empirical Evidence on Australian Exporters’, Journal of International Marketing, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 41-62. Fatt, A. C 1964, ‘A Multinational Approach to International Adve rtising’, InternationalAdvertiser, vol. 56, no. 9, pp.17-20. Frandsen, V 1997, ‘Standardization Versus Adaptation Of International Advertising Strategies: Towards A Framework’, European Journal of Marketing, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 504-527. Gorman, G, Hanlon, D, and King, W 1997, ‘Some research perspectives on entrepreneurship education, enterprise education and education for small business management: a ten-year literature review’, International Small Business Journal, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 56-77. Grant, J., Golawala, F. S., McKechnie, D. S 2007, The United Arab Emirates: The Twenty-first Century Beckons, Thunderbird International Business Review, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 507-533. Hawk, M 2007, Adapt Stand Country of Origin 2007. Web. Hildebrandt, H. W 1981, International business communication: theory, practice, teaching throughout the world, Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Michigan. Junior, JK, Griffith, DA, White, DS 2003 , ‘Standardization/adaptation Of International Marketing Strategy: Necessary Conditions for the Advancement of Knowledge’, International Marketing Review, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 588-603. Lages, L. F., Abrantes, J. L., Lages, C. R 2008, ‘The Stratadapt Scale: A Measure Of Marketing Strategy Adaptation To International Business Markets’, International Marketing Review, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 584-600. Levitt, T 1983, ‘The globalization of markets’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 79-95. Madhu, A 1995, ‘Review of a 40-year debate in international advertising: practitioner and academician perspectives to the standardization/adaptation issue’, International Business Review, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 26-48. Paliwoda, S. and Ryans, Jr. J 1995, International Marketing Reader, Routledge, London. Papavassiliou, N. and Stathakopoulos, V 1997, ‘Standardization versus adaptation of international advertising strategies: towards a framewor k’, European Journal of Marketing, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 504-27. Roostal, I, 1963, ‘Standardization of Advertising for Western Europe’, Journal of Marketing, vol. 27, no.4, pp.15-20. Solberg, CA 2000, ‘Standardization or Adaptation of the International Marketing Mix: The Role of the Local’, Journal of International Marketing, vol. 8, no. 1, pp.78-98. Spence LJ, Rutherfoord R, Blackburn RA 1998, Small Businesses and Environmental Issues in the UK and the Netherlands: A Literature Review and Research Agenda, Kingston Business School, United Kingdom. Theodosiou, M 2003, Standardization versus Adaptation of International Marketing Strategy: An Integrative Assessment of the Empirical Research,’ International Business Review, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 141-171. Vrontis, D, Thrassou, A Vignali, C 2006, ‘The country-of-origin effect, on the purchase intention of apparel – opportunities and threats for small ï ¬ rms’, International Journa l of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, vol. 3, no. 3/4, pp. 459-476. Vrontis, D Vignali, C 1999, An International Marketing Reader, The Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester. Vrontis, D, 2003, ‘Integrating adaptation and standardization in international marketing, the AdaptStand modelling process’, Journal of Marketing Management, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 357-380. Vrontis, D n.d., The Creation of the AdaptStand Process in International Marketing, Academia.edu. Web. This essay on The Standardization vs. Adaptation Debate was written and submitted by user Brody L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Eartquakes Essays - Seismology, Earthquake Engineering, Free Essays

Eartquakes Essays - Seismology, Earthquake Engineering, Free Essays Eartquakes Earthquakes: Why They Occur And How To Prepare For Them An earthquake is one of the most powerful natural disasters known to man. Earthquakes are so powerful that they can knock down buildings and bridges as well as change river routes and cause landslides. With all the damage earthquakes cause the only way to protect oneself from them is to be prepared and well educated about them. Since they cannot be predicted one must always be prepared for them. Strict building codes in earthquake prone areas also help to minimize the property damage caused during an earthquake. Earthquakes throughout history have caused several millions of deaths as well as severe property damage. Earthquakes are more complex than one may think they are. Earthquakes most often occur near plate boundaries because that is where the tectonic plates meet. As tectonic plates slide past each other they cause tension on one another. After a while there is so much tension on these rocks that they just snap. The sudden break of these rocks send vibrations out in all directions. Soon after the first vibration is sent out a second vibration is sent out called the After shock. Humans can also cause earthquakes in many ways. Injecting fluids into deep well for waste disposal, filling reservoirs with water, and firing underground nuclear test blast, In limited circumstances lead to earthquakes. All these activities increase the strain within the rock near the location of the activities. So that rocks slip and slide along preexisting faults(Microsoft Encarta 2000). Earthquakes can cause a lot of damage. They are strongest near the epicenter. The epicenter is directly above the point that the earths crust snaps. The farther from the epicenter the weaker the vibrations of the earthquake are. That means the area close to the epicenter are going to receive more damage and areas farther from the epicenter are going to receive less damage. As well as distances from the epicenter the type of area an earthquake occurs in has effect on how much damage is caused. Under developed countries seem to suffer much more damage than a developed country. Underdeveloped countries have less strict building codes and are not prepared for natural disaster as well as developed countries are. In underdeveloped countries earthquakes cause much more deaths also. After earthquakes conditions often lead to widespread disease outbreaks. Damage to hospitals, water supply lines, sewage lines, and lack of housing all contribute to the widespread of disease. Developed countries have the same problems but thier strict building codes, emergency forces, and preparedness seem to minimize the damage and death caused by earthquakes. No matter if a person lives in developed or underdeveloped country earthquakes still cause damage. A tsunami is probably the effect of an earthquake. A tsunami is a group of giant sea waves that get bigger and bigger as they get closer to the coast that usually strike without warning. As these giant sea waves come crashing down on the coast they cause servere flooding that drowns a lot of people instantly and cause a lot of property damage. Along with flooding from tsunamis rivers are often rerouted during major earthquakes and flood whole town. After most major earthquakes there are fires. The worst part of fires after an earthquake is that usually broken gas mains cause the fires. If the gas mains are broken usually the water mains are also broken so firefighters have a hard time finding water to put out the fires. Another effect of an earthquake is landslides. Landslides are very dangerous if they occur because most of the time anything in the path of a landslide is destroyed. Earthquakes are very dangerous for a few reasons. First of all they cannot be predicted and second they cannot be stopped. If an earthquake occurs all that can be done is wait it out. That is why everyone must be prepared for an earthquake. The first item that must be learned about an earthquake is that they can occur at any time and any place. Two procedures that must be done in order to prepare for an earthquake is make an earthquake kit and prepare ones home for an earthquake. The basic earthquake kit should include food

Top 10 New and Unique Teacher Gift Ideas Revealed

Top 10 New and Unique Teacher Gift Ideas Revealed Buying for teachers can be hard. A gift card is usually the best choice because lets face it, everyone loves a gift card. But this year, if you want to think outside of the box and get something totally new and unexpected for a teacher, then we have some new and unique ideas for you. Whether you are a teacher looking to buy for another teacher, a superintendent looking to buy for your school staff, or a parent looking to buy for your childs teacher, you will find something special and unique in this gift guide. This teacher gift guide is split into two sections: one for school staff that is looking for new ideas to buy for their fellow teachers, and one for parents looking to buy for their childs teachers. You will find that there is something for everyone, as well as at different price points. Administrators Buying for Teachers Here the top five classroom items that are on most teachers wishlist. You will find items as low as $30 and as much as $375. 1. FlexiSpot Sit-Stand Desktop Workstation Standup desks are an amazing new tech tool that educators everywhere would love to have. They allow easy transition between sitting and standing and are perfect for teachers who spend a lot of time on their feet. They are also great for teachers who love to use PowerPoint Presentations or a SmartBoard in their classroom. Simply place the FlexiSpot on top of your existing desk and you are ready to teach. 2. Table Storage and Charging Base Now that many classrooms are fitted with a classroom set of iPads or tablets, teachers need somewhere to charge and store them. Table storage and charging base (which can run between $30-$150) is a great classroom gift because it can hold up to six tablets with or without their protective cases. 3. High Speed Label Printer Teachers label everything from student desks and folders. You can purchase a good high-speed label printer. If you are going to get one, a wireless, portable printer is the way to go. 4. Document Camera A document camera is a great tool for teachers they are particularly handy for science activities that require students to look at things from all different angles. Parents Buying for Teachers The average parent is said to spend between $25-$75 on their childs teacher for each occasion (teacher appreciation, holiday, end-of-the-year). Here are five new and unique teacher gift ideas that are on many teachers wishlist. 1. Apple TV   Apple TV has become the new must-have for classroom teachers. Educators love them because they can be used to mirror their iPad screen (much like a Smart Board).  You can use the Apple TV display student work, watch movies, and even Skype with peers around the globe. 2. Personalized Letter Probably the best gift that you can give a teacher is a heartfelt letter showing him/her your appreciation for a job well done. This thoughtful gift can really be the stepping stone that the teacher needs to advance in their career (when you send a copy to the principal). The letter doesnt have to be long, just a few sentences talking about how much you appreciate them can go a long way. By sending a copy to the principal, you are adding a positive recommendation to their file. This recommendation can be just the thing a teacher needs to help them advance in their job. Heres an example to help inspire you:   Im writing to you to express my appreciation for a job well done. My daughter has had anxiety in the past  and was quite nervous about starting school this year, that was until she met you. You have made a tremendous impact on my daughter thus far. 3. Headphone Splitter At only $12 a pop, you can give teachers a gift that they will actually use in their classroom. The Belkin Rockstar headphone splitter allows teachers to plug in multiple headphones into one iPad or tablet, which is great for listening centers. As many as six students at a time can now plug their headphones into one outlet at the learning center. This cheap and practical gift is a great tool for the classroom. 4. iPad Projector Instead of spending money on an impersonal on a gift card, you can purchase an iPad projector for less than a hundred dollars. Running in at a just under $70 (via Amazon) a mini portable LCD projector is easy to cart to and from school, and teachers can use it for personal use as well. 5. Stay and Play Balance Ball Alternative seating is quite popular in todays classrooms. However, many teachers do not have them just yet. For around $20 per balance ball, you can help turn the teachers classroom into a ball of fun. These seats (which are essentially an exercise ball with feet) make learning so much fun.

About real estate in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

About real estate in China - Essay Example Even they have experienced appreciation in price too. In this scenario certain statistics can be encompassed. Prices of high-end real estate have risen up to 54% from September of the year 2009 and the price became $500 per square foot. Even only in November, the housing prices rose 5.7% in 70 major cities. Construction of houses had drafted a nationwide staggering rise of 194 percent (Bloomberg Business week, â€Å"Is China Headed for A Major Real Estate Bubble?†). Not only the real estate but also the economy of China has also been booming. China has experienced a growth of 17.4% in the average annual rate of foreign trade. It has increased up to US$ 2,173.7 billion from US$ 20.6 billion over last 30 years (Xinhua, â€Å"China Ranks 2nd with 8.8% Of Worlds Exports  In 2007†). With economic growth, purchasing power of an individual will also be high and at the same time their consumption level will also enhance. It indicates that they will either opt for luxury or will seek for investment option. In both the situations, real estate industry will be benefited. Being a student of Finance and possessing sound knowledge in economics, I am well aware of the recent economic developments in China. Moreover it has left its footprint in the world economy during the global recession. It will be my privilege to work in such an economy. Even it is a recognized fact that getting involved with an industry in its growth period is a way of enhancing experience level. Real estate business of China is also booming and enjoyed a huge growth in last few years. Therefore being a professional, it will be a great opportunity for me to join your organization of repute and raise my career graph. I have completed my education from United States. I possess an MBA degree with specialization in Finance. Therefore I have a strong background in Finance. Even while pursuing MBA, I was engaged with the study of economics as

Law Enforcement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Law Enforcement - Essay Example 2. A terrorist threat is almost certain to change the role of the state or local law enforcement. This is because they have the best local knowledge about possible modes of attacks and security vulnerabilities that are applicable to their individual areas. In addition, they often have insiders who can tip off alerts. In addition, law enforcement authorities can often incorporate keeping an eye on suspicious movements or persons as part of their local security operations, something that centralized counter-terrorist agencies will find difficult to do. For example the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention act of 2004 (1) made specific provisions for increasing security checks at airports and borders, which is impossible to implement in practice without local law enforcement agencies participating actively. The best way that they can operate is in conjunction with specific anti-terrorist groups, with a designated number of local and state law enforcement officers undertake special training, and work in collaboration with central agencies. For example, Federal Law enforcement Training Centres ( FLECTs) (2) have already been set up specifically to train local and state law enforcement officers to train in counter-terrorism. 3. During the next attack, the state and local law enforcers should be much better prepared with a plan to limit the damages of the attack, an emergency plan to shut off routes of escape or access to perpetrators, carry out on prompt investigations, detain suspects and co-ordinate with agencies outside their jurisdiction. In addition, they would be much better trained to cope with disasters with the help of local emergency and disaster services. 4. If I were the State Director of Law Enforcement, I would keep my forces and systems in high alert, being prepared for all future terrorist incidents. I would set aside a significant